Construction Stage [EX1-STG]
After each construction stage, the finite element analysis produces results that can be utilized to ensure structural compliance with codes. To create the stages correctly, users must understand the underlying logic. At the start of the stage construction analysis, all structural elements are in an unconstructed state.
Constructing a typical steel bridge requires defining at least four stages: pier/foundation construction, girder and bracing construction, application of deck loads on non-composite girders, and deck stiffness gain. Introducing deck pouring stages will require additional stages for non-composite and composite stages. For example, if the deck is poured in three stages, six stages will be necessary (three for deck load application on girders and three for deck stiffness gain stages).
For permanent loads, such as wearing surface loads and barriers, two extra stages may be required.
Additional stages will be necessary for each transient load, such as wind loads, braking loads, live loads, and temperature loads.
Please follow the instructions provided below to construction stages.
| 1 | Navigate to Loading > Construction Stage | 
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| 2 | Begin by defining a construction stage and then enter the preceding stage for that construction stage. | |
| 3 | Ensure that the "Prior Stage" cell is “Null” as the first stage of the construction process does not have a preceding stage. | |
| 4 | To assign the data in the "Construction Method" and "Filter by load type cells" click on the three dot-icon and select the appropriate option from the combobox. | |
| 5 | Enter the data as follows for 1st Stage: Name: SubstrConstStage Prior Stage: NULL Construction Method: None Filter by Load Type: Dead Active: Yes | |
| 6 | Please repeat steps 2 through 5 to define all of the construction stages in the project. |  |
| 7 | You can make adjustments to the "Time Dependent" tab if you wish. | 
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| 8 | ||
| 9 | Navigate to AASHTO N-3N tab.
Set the material parameter to the deck material to modify the modulus of elasticity for each stage.
Enter the composite section parameter as 'long-term' for permanent loads and 'short-term' for transient loads | 
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| 10 | ||
| 1 | Navigate to Construction Stage under Loading on the tree view. |
| 2 | Copy Stage, Time Dependent and AASHTO N-3N from model inputs and paste into OpenBrIM. |
Construction Stage | ||
|---|---|---|
Stage | Time Dependent | AASHTO N-3N |
SubstrConstStage NULL None Dead Yes
GirderStage SubstrConstStage None Dead Yes
SIPFormworkStage GirderStage None Dead Yes
Cast1PourStage SIPFormworkStage None Dead Yes
Cast2PourStage Cast1PourStage None Dead Yes
Cast3PourStage Cast2PourStage None Dead Yes
Cast123GainStiffStage Cast3PourStage Equal Change Yes
Cast4PourStage Cast123GainStiffStage None Dead Yes
Cast5PourStage Cast4PourStage None Dead Yes
Cast45GainStiffStage Cast5PourStage Equal Change Yes
FBarrierStage Cast45GainStiffStage None Imposed Dead Yes
FutureWearingStage FBarrierStage None Wearing Surface Yes
TUExpStage FutureWearingStage None Temperature Yes
TUContrStage FutureWearingStage None Temperature Yes
LLStage FutureWearingStage None Live (Vehicular + Impact) Yes
BRStage FutureWearingStage None Braking Yes
CentStage FutureWearingStage None Centrifugal Yes
WSStage FutureWearingStage None Wind on Structure Yes | SubstrConstStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
GirderStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
SIPFormworkStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast1PourStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast2PourStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast3PourStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast123GainStiffStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast4PourStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast5PourStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
Cast45GainStiffStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
FBarrierStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
FutureWearingStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
TUExpStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
TUContrStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
LLStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
BRStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
CentStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include
WSStage 0 NA 72 80 Include Include Include Include Include | SubstrConstStage NULL NA
GirderStage NULL NA
SIPFormworkStage NULL NA
Cast1PourStage NULL NA
Cast2PourStage NULL NA
Cast3PourStage NULL NA
Cast123GainStiffStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
Cast4PourStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
Cast5PourStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
Cast45GainStiffStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
FBarrierStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
FutureWearingStage Fc_4ksi Long-Term(3n)
TUExpStage Fc_4ksi Short-Term(n)
TUContrStage Fc_4ksi Short-Term(n)
LLStage Fc_4ksi Short-Term(n)
BRStage Fc_4ksi Short-Term(n)
CentStage Fc_4ksi Short-Term(n)
WSStage NULL NA |