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When viewing results in spreadsheets, users have the ability to see positive and negative live load results with maximum or minimum factors. The terms "positive" and "negative" are used for live load and wind load envelopes, where we try to maximize the negative value or maximize the positive value. The terms "min" and "max" refer to the factors.
Load Modifiers
ηD: a factor relating to ductility, as specified in AASHTO Article 1.3.3
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The combined results are multiplied by ηi=ηD*ηR*ηI (load modifier: a factor relating to ductility, redundancy, and operational classification). According to AASHTO 1.3.2.1-2, ηD*ηR*ηI should be greater than or equal to 0.95.
Load Case 1
Each row in this section corresponds to a particular limit state, such as Strength 1, Service 1, Extreme Event 1, and Fatigue 1. If the user needs to define different factors for substructure code check and superstructure code check for the Strength 1 limit state, two rows should be defined, namely Strength 1 (Sub) and Strength 1 (Super).
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CL (Construction Loads):
γ max:
γ min:
Load Case 2
EV (Vertical Earth Pressure):
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LS (Live Load Surcharge):
γ max:
γ min:
Load Case 3
SE (Settlement):
γ max:
γ min:
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